一、 律師部分
案件受理費(fèi) court acceptance fee
案情重大、復(fù)雜 important and complicated case
案由 cause of action
案子 case
包攬?jiān)V訟 monopolize lawsuits
被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)
被上訴人 appellee
被訴人 respondent; defendant
本案律師 councel pro hac vice
本地律師 local counsel
畢業(yè)證 diploma; graduation certificate
辯護(hù)詞 defense; pleadings
辯護(hù)律師 defense lawyer
辯護(hù)要點(diǎn) point of defense
辯護(hù)意見 submission
財(cái)產(chǎn)租賃 property tenancy
裁定書 order; ruling; determination（指終審裁定）
裁決書 award（用于仲裁）
裁決書 verdict（用于陪審團(tuán)）
采信substantial的證據(jù) admitted evidence; established evidence
草擬股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests
查閱法條 source legal provisions
產(chǎn)權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓 conveyancing
出差 go on errand; go on a business trip
出國深造 further study abroad
出具律師意見書 providing legal opinion
出示substantial的證據(jù) exhibit
出庭 appear in court
傳票 summons; subpoena
答辯狀 answer; reply
代理詞 representation
代理房地產(chǎn)買賣與轉(zhuǎn)讓 agency for sale and transfer of real estate
代理公證、商標(biāo)、專利、版權(quán)、房地產(chǎn)、工商登記 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations
代理仲裁 agency for arbitration
代寫文書 drafting of legal instruments
待決案件 pending case
當(dāng)事人陳述 statement of the parties
第三人 third party
吊銷執(zhí)業(yè)證 revocation of lawyer license
調(diào)查筆錄 investigative record
調(diào)查取證 investigation and gathering for evidence
調(diào)解 mediation
調(diào)解書 mediation
二審案件 case of trial of second instance
發(fā)送電子郵件 send e-mail
法律顧問 legal consultants
法律意見書 legal opinions
法律援助 legal aid
法律咨詢 legal counseling
法庭 division; tribunal
法學(xué)博士學(xué)位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)
法學(xué)會 law society
法學(xué)課程 legal courses
法學(xué)碩士學(xué)位 LL.M (Master of Laws)
法學(xué)系 faculty of law; department of law
法學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)
J.D ( juris doctor縮寫substantial，美國法學(xué)學(xué)士)
法學(xué)院 law school
法院公告 court announcement
反訴狀 counterclaim
房地產(chǎn)律師 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer
非合伙律師 associate lawyer
非訴訟業(yè)務(wù) non-litigation practice
高級合伙人 senior partner
高級律師 senior lawyer
各類協(xié)議和合同 agreements and contracts
公安局 Public Security Bureau
公司上市 company listing
公訴案件 public-prosecuting case
公證書 notarial certificate
國辦律師事務(wù)所 state-run law office
國際貿(mào)易 international trade
國際訴訟 international litigation
國內(nèi)訴訟 domestic litigation
合伙律師 partner lawyer
合伙制律師事務(wù)所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice
合同審查、草擬、修改 contract review, drafting and revision
會見當(dāng)事人 interview a client
會見犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect
兼職律師 part-time lawyer
監(jiān)獄 prison; jail
鑒定結(jié)論 expert conclusion
繳納會費(fèi) membership dues
舉證責(zé)任 burden of proof; onus probandi
決定書 decision
勘驗(yàn)筆錄 record of request
看守所 detention house
抗訴書 protest
控告人 accuser; complainant
跨國訴訟 transnational litigation
勞動爭議 labor disputes
勞動爭議仲裁委員會 arbitration committee for labor disputes
勞改場 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm
利害關(guān)系人 interested party; party in interest
律管處處長 director of lawyer control department
律師 lawyer attorney; attorney at law
律師懲戒 lawyer discipline
律師法 Lawyer Law
律師費(fèi) lawyer fee
律師函 lawyer's letter
律師見證 lawyer attestation/authentication
律師見證書 lawyer certification/authentication/witness
律師卷宗 lawyer's docile; file
律師刊物 lawyer's journal
律師聯(lián)系電話 contact phone number of a lawyer
律師事務(wù)所 law office; law firm
律師收費(fèi) billing by lawyer
律師網(wǎng)站 lawyer website
律師協(xié)會 National Bar (Lawyer) Association
律師協(xié)會會員 member of Lawyer Association
律師協(xié)會秘書長 secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association
律師協(xié)會章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition
律師業(yè)務(wù)室 lawyer's office
律師執(zhí)業(yè)證 lawyer license
律師助理 assistant lawyer
律師資格考試 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam
律師資格證 lawyer qualification certificate
民事案件 civil case
民事調(diào)解 civil mediation
民事訴訟 civil litigation
派出所 local police station; police substation
判決 judgement(用于民事、行政案件);
determination(用于終審);
sentence(用于刑事案);
verdict(由陪審團(tuán)作出)
旁證 circumstantial evidence
企業(yè)章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw
企業(yè)重組 corporate restructure
起訴狀 information; indictment
取消律師資格 disbar
全國律師代表大會 National Lawyer Congress
缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default
人民法院 People's Court
人民檢察院 People's Procuratorate
認(rèn)定事實(shí) determine facts
上訴案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case
上訴人 appellant
上訴狀 petition for appeal
涉外律師 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters
申請復(fù)議 administrative reconsideration petition
申請加入律師協(xié)會 application for admission to Law Association
申請人 petitioner; claimant
申訴案件 appeal case
申訴人（仲裁） claimant; plaintiff
申訴書 appeal for revision, petition for revision
實(shí)習(xí)律師 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period
實(shí)習(xí)律師證 certificate of apprentice lawyer
視聽證據(jù) audio-visual reference material
適用法律 apply law to facts
受害人 victim
書證 documentary evidence
司法部 Ministry of Justice
司法建議書 judicial advise
司法局 Judicial Bureau
司法局副局長 deputy director of Judicial Bureau
司法局局長 director of Judicial Bureau
司法統(tǒng)一考試 uniform judicial exam
送達(dá) service of process
訴訟 litigation; action; lawsuit
訴訟當(dāng)事人 litigation party; litigious party
訴訟業(yè)務(wù) litigation practice
訴狀 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim
推銷法律服務(wù) promote/market legal service
外國律師事務(wù)所 foreign law office
委托代理合同 authorized representation contract
委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent
委托授權(quán)書 power of attorney
物證 material evidence
嫌疑人 criminal suspect
項(xiàng)目融資 project financing
項(xiàng)目談判 project negotiating
刑事案件 criminal case
刑事訴訟 criminal litigation
行政訴訟 administrative litigation
休庭 adjourn the court; recess
宣判 pronounce judgement; determination
宣誓書 affidavit
業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)修 attendance in advanced studies
一審案件 case of trial of first instance
與國外律師事務(wù)所交流 communicate with foreign law firms
原告 plaintiff
證券律師 securities lawyer
證人證言 testimony of witness; affidavit
執(zhí)行筆錄 execution record
執(zhí)業(yè)登記 registration for practice
執(zhí)業(yè)范圍 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area
執(zhí)業(yè)申請 practice application
執(zhí)業(yè)證年檢 annual inspection of lawyer license
仲裁 arbitration
仲裁案件 arbitration case
仲裁機(jī)構(gòu) arbitration agency
專門律師 specialized lawyer
專職律師 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer
撰寫法律文章 write legal thesis
資信調(diào)查 credit standing investigation
自訴案件 private prosecuting case
二、 訴訟法律
案件 case
案件發(fā)回 remand/rimit a case (to a low court)
案件名稱 title of a case
案卷材料 materials in the case
案情陳述書 statement of case
案外人 person other than involved in the case
案值 total value involved in the case
敗訴方 losing party
辦案人員 personnel handling a case
保全措施申請書 application for protective measures
報(bào)案 report a case (to security authorities)
被告 defendant; the accused
被告人最后陳述 final statement of the accused
被告向原告第二次答辯 rejoinder
被害人 victim
被害人的訴訟代理人 victim's agent ad litem
被上訴人 respondent; the appellee
被申請人 respondent
被申請執(zhí)行人 party against whom execution is filed
被執(zhí)行人 person subject to enforcement
本訴 principal action
必要共同訴訟人 party in necessary co-litigation
變通管轄 jurisdiction by accord
辯護(hù) defense
辯護(hù)律師 defense attorney/lawyer
辯護(hù)人 defender
辯護(hù)證據(jù) exculpatory evidence; defense evidence
辯論階段 stage of court debate
駁回反訴 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim
駁回請求 deny/dismiss a motion
駁回上訴、維持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling
駁回訴訟 dismiss an action/suit
駁回通知書 notice of dismissal
駁回自訴 dismiss/reject a private prosecution
駁回自訴裁定書 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case
補(bǔ)充答辯 supplementary answer
補(bǔ)充判決 supplementary judgement
補(bǔ)充偵查 supplementary investigation
不公開審理 trial in camera
不立案決定書 written decision of no case-filing
不批準(zhǔn)逮捕決定書 written decision of disapproving an arrest
不起訴 nol pros
不予受理起訴通知書 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court
財(cái)產(chǎn)保全申請書 application for attachment; application for property preservation
裁定 order; determination (指最終裁定)
裁定管轄 jurisdiction by order
裁定書 order; ruling
裁決書 award
采信的證據(jù) admitted evidence
查封 seal up
撤回上訴 withdraw appeal
撤訴 withdraw a lawsuit
撤銷立案 revoke a case placed on file
撤銷原判substantial，發(fā)回重審 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial
出示的證據(jù) exhibit
除權(quán)判決 invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)
傳喚 summon; call
傳聞證據(jù) hearsay
答辯 answer; reply
答辯陳述書 statement of defence
答辯狀 answer; reply
大法官 associate justices; justice
大檢察官 deputy chief procurator
代理控告 agency for accusation
代理申訴 agency for appeal
代理審判員 acting judge
代為申請取保候?qū)?agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
彈劾式訴訟 accusatory procedure
當(dāng)事人陳述 statement of the parties
當(dāng)庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court
地區(qū)管轄 territorial jurisdiction
地區(qū)檢察分院 inter-mediate People's Procuratorate
第三人 third party
調(diào)查筆錄 record of investigation
定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date
定罪證據(jù) incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence
凍結(jié) freeze
督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge
獨(dú)任庭 sole-judge bench
獨(dú)任仲裁員 sole arbitrator
對妨礙民事訴訟的強(qiáng)制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action
對席判決 judgement inter parties
二審 trial of second instance
二審案件 case of trial of second insurance
罰款 impose a fine
法定證據(jù) statutory legal evidence
法定證據(jù)制度 system of legal evidence
法官 judges
法警 bailiff; court police
法律文書 legal instruments/papers
法律援助 legal aid
法律咨詢 legal consulting
法庭辯論 court debate
法庭調(diào)查 court investigation
法庭審理筆錄 court record
法庭審理方式 mode of court trial
法庭庭長 chief judge of a tribunal
法院 court
法院公告 court announcement
反訴 counterclaim
反訴答辯狀 answer with counterclaim
反訴狀 counterclaim
犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect
附帶民事訴訟案件 a collateral civil action
附帶民事訴訟被告 defendant of collateral civil action
復(fù)查 reexamination; recheck
復(fù)驗(yàn) reinspect
高級法官 senior judge
高級檢察官 senior procurator
高級人民法院 Higher People's Court
告訴案件 case of complaint
告訴才處理的案件 case accepted at complaint
告訴申訴庭 complaint and petition division
工讀學(xué)校 work-study school for delinquent children
公安部 Ministry of Public Security
公安分局 public security sub-bureau
公安廳 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government
公開審理 trial in public
公開審判制度 open trial system
公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation
公訴案件 public-prosecuting case
公訴詞 statement of public prosecution
公證機(jī)關(guān) public notary office
共同管轄 concurrent jurisdiction
管轄 jurisdiction
國際司法協(xié)助 international judicial assistance
海事法院 maritime court
合議庭 collegial panel
合議庭評議筆錄 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench
和解 composition; compromise
核對訴訟當(dāng)事人身份 check identity of litigious parties
恢復(fù)執(zhí)行 resumption of execution
回避 withdrawal
混合式訴訟 mixed action
基層人民法院 basic People's Court
羈押期限 term in custody
級別管轄 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels
監(jiān)視居住 living at home under surveillance
監(jiān)獄 prison
檢察官 procurator
檢察權(quán) prosecutorial power
檢察委員會 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
檢察院 procuratorate
檢察院派出機(jī)構(gòu) outpost tribunal of procuratorate
簡易程序 summary procedure
鑒定結(jié)論 expert conclusion
經(jīng)濟(jì)審判庭 economic tribunal
徑行判決 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice
糾問式訴訟 inquisitional proceedings
拘傳 summon by force; summon by warrant
拘留所 detention house
舉報(bào) information/report of an offence
舉證責(zé)任 burden of proof; onus probandi
決定書 decision
軍事法院 military procuratorate
開庭審理 open a court session
開庭通知 notice of court session
勘驗(yàn)筆錄 record of inquest
看守所 detention house
可執(zhí)行財(cái)產(chǎn) executable property
控告式訴訟 accusatory proceedings
控訴證據(jù) incriminating evidence
控訴職能 accusation function
扣押 distrain on; attachment
扣押物 distress/distraint
寬限期 period of grace
勞動爭議仲裁申請書 petition for labor dispute arbitration
勞改場 reform-through-labor farm
勞教所 reeducation-through-labor office
類推判決的核準(zhǔn)程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence
累積證據(jù) cumulative evidence
立案報(bào)告 place a case on file
立案管轄 functional jurisdiction
立案決定書 written decision of case-filing
立案偵查 report of placing a case on file
利害關(guān)系人 interested party
臨時(shí)裁決書 interim award
律師見證書 lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication
律師事務(wù)所 law office; law firm
律師提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer
免于刑事處分 exemption from criminal penalty
民事案件 civil case
民事審判庭 civil tribunal
民事訴訟 civil action
民事訴訟法 Civil Procedural Law
扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police
派出法庭 detached tribunal
派出所 police station
判決 judgement; determination
判決書 judgement; determination; verdict (指陪審團(tuán)作出的)
旁證 circumstantial evidence
陪審員 juror
批準(zhǔn)逮捕 approval of arrest
破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case
破產(chǎn) bankruptcy; insolvency
普通程序 general/ordinary procedure
普通管轄 general jurisdiction
企業(yè)法人破產(chǎn)還債程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation
起訴 filing of a lawsuit
起訴 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings
起訴狀 indictment; information
區(qū)縣檢察院 grassroots People's Procuratorate
取保候?qū)?the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
缺席判決 default judgement
人民調(diào)解委員會 People's Mediation Committee
認(rèn)定財(cái)產(chǎn)無主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless
認(rèn)定公民無民事行為能力、限制民事行為能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity
上訴 appeal
上訴人 appellant
上訴狀 petition for appeal
少管所 juvenile prison
社會治安綜合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security
涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests
涉外民事訴訟 foreign civil proceedings
涉外刑事訴訟 foreign criminal proceedings
申請人 applicant; petitioner
申請書 petition; application for arbitration
申請執(zhí)行人 execution applicant
申訴人宣誓書 claimant's affidavit of authenticity
申訴書 appeal for revision; petition for revision
神示證據(jù)制度 system of divinity evidence
神示制度 ordeal system
審查案件 case review
審查并決定逮捕 examine and decide arrest
審查起訴階段 stage of review and prosecution
審理通知書 notice of hearing
審判長 presiding judge
審判長宣布開庭 presiding judge announce court in session
審判管轄 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction
審判監(jiān)督程序 procedure for trial supervision
審判委員會 judicial committee
審判員 judge
審問式訴訟 inquisitional proceedings
生效判決裁定 legally effective judgement/order
勝訴方 winning party
省市自治區(qū)檢察院 higher People's Procuratorate
失蹤和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death
實(shí)（質(zhì)）體證據(jù) substantial evidence
實(shí)物證據(jù) tangible evidence
實(shí)在證據(jù) real evidence
示意證據(jù) demonstrative evidence
視聽證據(jù) audio-visual evidence
收容所 collecting post; safe retreat
首席大法官 chief justice
首席檢察官 chief procurator
受害人的近親屬 victim's immediate family
受理 acceptance
受理刑事案件審批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal case
受送達(dá)人 the addressee
書記員 court clerk
書記員宣讀法庭紀(jì)律 court clerk reads court rules
書證 documentary evidence
司法部 Ministry of Justice
司法機(jī)關(guān) judicial organizatons
司法警察 judicial police
司法局 judicial bureau
司法廳 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government
司法協(xié)助 judicial assistance
死緩的復(fù)核 judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve
死刑復(fù)核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence
死刑復(fù)核權(quán) competence for judicial review of death sentence
送達(dá) service of process
送達(dá)傳票 service of summons/subpoena
送達(dá)訴狀 service of bill of complaint
搜查 search
訴 sue; suit; action; lawsuit
訴前財(cái)產(chǎn)保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit
訴訟 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action
訴訟保全 attachment
訴訟參加人 litigious participants
訴訟代理人 agent ad litem
訴狀 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim
特別程序 special procedures
提起公訴 institute a public prosecution
鐵路法院 railway court
鐵路檢察院 railroad transport procuratorate
庭審程序 procedure of court trial
通緝 wanted for arrest
投案 appearance
退回補(bǔ)充偵查 return of a case for supplementary investigation
委托辯護(hù) entrusted defense
未成年人法庭 juvenile court
無行政職務(wù)的法官 associate judge
無正當(dāng)理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause
無罪判決 acquittal, finding of " not guilty "
物證 material evidence
先予執(zhí)行申請書 application for advanced execution
先予執(zhí)行 advanced execution
刑事案件 criminal case
刑事拘留 criminal detention
刑事強(qiáng)制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures
刑事審判庭 criminal tribunal
刑事訴訟 criminal proceedings
刑事訴訟法 Criminal Procedural Law
刑事自訴狀 self-incriminating criminal complaint
行政案件 administrative case
行政審判庭 administrative tribunal
行政訴訟 administrative proceedings
行政訴訟法 Administrative Procedural Law
宣告失蹤、宣告死亡案件 cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death
宣判筆錄 record of rendition of judgement
選民資格案件 cases concerning qualifications of voters
詢問證人 inquire/question a witness
訓(xùn)誡 reprimand
訊問筆錄 record of interrogation
詢問犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect
言詞證據(jù) verbal evidence
要求傳喚證人申請書 application for subpoena
一裁終局 arbitration award shall be final and binding
一審 trial of first instance
一審案件 case of trial of first instance
應(yīng)訴通知書 notice of respondence to action
有罪判決 sentence; finding of "guilty"
予審 preliminary examinantion; pretrial
原告 plaintiff
院長 court president
閱卷筆錄 record of file review (by lawyers)
再審案件 case of retrial
再審申請書 petition for retrial
責(zé)令具結(jié)悔過 order to sign a statement of repentance
債權(quán)人會議 creditors' meeting
偵查階段 investigation stage
偵查終結(jié) conclusion of investigation
征詢原、被告最后意見 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant
證據(jù) evidence
證據(jù)保全 preserve evidence
證據(jù)保全申請書 application for evidence preservation
證人證言 testimony of witness; affidavit
支付令 payment order/warrant
知識產(chǎn)權(quán)庭 intellectual property tribunal
執(zhí)行程序 procedure execution
執(zhí)行逮捕 execution of arrest
執(zhí)行和解 conciliation of execution
執(zhí)行回轉(zhuǎn) recovery of execution
執(zhí)行庭 executive tribunal
執(zhí)行異議 objection to execution
執(zhí)行員 executor
執(zhí)行中止 discontinuance of execution
執(zhí)行終結(jié) conclusion of execution
指定辯護(hù) appointed defense
指定仲裁員聲明 statement of appointing arbitrator
中級人民法院 intermediate People's Court
中途退庭 retreat during court session without permission
仲裁 arbitration
仲裁被訴人 respondent; defendant
仲裁裁決 award
仲裁申請書 arbitration
仲裁申訴人 claimant; plaintiff
仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal
仲裁委員會 arbitration committee
仲裁協(xié)議 arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration
仲裁員 arbitrator
主訴檢察官 principal procurator
助理檢察官 assistant procurator
助理審判員 assistant judge
專門法院 special court
專門管轄 specific jurisdiction
專屬管轄 exclusive jurisdiction
追究刑事責(zé)任 investigate for criminal responsibility
自首 confession to justice
自訴案件 private-prosecuting case
自行辯護(hù) self-defense
自由心證制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence
自偵案件 self-investigating case
最高人民法院 the Supreme People's Court
最高人民檢察院 the Supreme People's Procuratorate
最后裁決書 final award
三、 民事法律
法律淵源 source of law
制定法 statute
判例法 case law; precedent
普通法 common law
特別法 special law
固有法 native law; indigenous law
繼受法 adopted law
實(shí)體法 substantial law
程序法 procedural law
原則法 fundamental law
例外法 exception law
司法解釋 judicial interpretation
習(xí)慣法 customary law
公序良俗 public order and moral
自然法 natural law
羅馬法 Roman Law
私法 private law
公法 public law
市民法 jus civile
萬民法 jus gentium
民法法系 civil law system
英美法系 system of Anglo-American law
大陸法系 civil law system
普通法 common law
大陸法 continental law
羅馬法系 Roman law system
英吉利法 English law
衡平法 equity; law of equity
日爾曼法 Germantic law
教會法 ecclesiastical law
寺院法 canon law
伊斯蘭法 Islamic law
民法法律規(guī)范 norm of civil law
授權(quán)規(guī)范 authorization norm
禁止規(guī)范 forbidding norm
義務(wù)性規(guī)范 obligatory norm
命令性規(guī)范 commanding norm
民法基本原則 fundamental principles of civil law
平等原則 principle of equality
自愿原則 principle of free will
公平原則 principle of justice
等價(jià)有償原則 principle of equal value exchange
誠實(shí)信用原則 principle of good faith
行為 act
作為 act
不作為 omission
合法行為 lawful act
違法行為 unlawful act
民事權(quán)利權(quán)利能力 civil right
絕對權(quán) absolute right
相對權(quán) relative right
優(yōu)先權(quán) right of priority
先買權(quán) preemption
原權(quán) antecedent right
救濟(jì)權(quán) right of relief
支配權(quán) right of dominion
請求權(quán) right of claim
物上請求權(quán) right of claim for real thing
形成權(quán) right of formation
撤銷權(quán) right of claiming cancellation
否認(rèn)權(quán) right of claiming cancellation
解除權(quán) right of renouncement
代位權(quán) subrogated right
選擇權(quán) right of choice
承認(rèn)權(quán) right of admission
終止權(quán) right of termination
抗辯權(quán) right of defense
一時(shí)性抗辯權(quán) momentary right of defense
永久性抗辯權(quán) permanent counter-argument right
不安抗辯權(quán) unstable counter-argument right
同時(shí)履行抗辯權(quán) defense right of simultaneous performance
既得權(quán) tested right
期待權(quán) expectant right
專屬權(quán) exclusive right
非專屬權(quán) non-exclusive right
人身權(quán)利 personal right
人權(quán) human right
人格權(quán) right of personality
生命健康權(quán) right of life and health
姓名權(quán) right of name
名稱權(quán) right of name
肖像權(quán) right of portraiture
自由權(quán) right of freedom
名譽(yù)權(quán) right reputation
隱私權(quán) right of privacy
私生活秘密權(quán) right of privacy
貞操權(quán) virginity right
身份權(quán) right of status
親權(quán) parental power; parental right
親屬權(quán) right of relative
探視權(quán) visitation right
配偶權(quán) right of spouse
榮譽(yù)權(quán) right of honor
權(quán)利的保護(hù) protection of right
公力救濟(jì) public protection
私力救濟(jì) self-protection
權(quán)利本位 standard of right
社會本位 standard of society
無責(zé)任行為 irresponsible right
正當(dāng)防衛(wèi) justifiable right; ligitimate defence
防衛(wèi)行為 act of defence
自為行為 self-conducting act
緊急避險(xiǎn) act of rescue; necessity
自助行為 act of self-help
不可抗力 force majeure
意外事件 accident
行為能力 capacity for act
意思能力 capacity of will
民事行為 civil act
意思表示 declaration of intention
意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus
完全行為能力 perfect capacity for act
限制行為能力 restrictive capacity for act
準(zhǔn)禁治產(chǎn)人 quasi-interdicted person
保佐 protection
自治產(chǎn)人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity
無行為能力 incapacity for act
禁治產(chǎn)人 interdicted person
自然人 natural person
公民 citizen
住所 domicile
居所 residence
經(jīng)常居住地 frequently dwelling place
戶籍 census register
監(jiān)護(hù) guardianship
個體工商戶 individual business
農(nóng)村承包經(jīng)營戶 leaseholding rural household
合伙 partnership
合伙人 partner
合伙協(xié)議 partnership agreement
合伙財(cái)產(chǎn) property of partnership
合伙債務(wù) debt of partnership
入伙 join partnership
退伙 withdrawal from partnership
合伙企業(yè) partnership business establishment
個人合伙 partnership
法人合伙 partnership of legal person
特別合伙 special partnership
普通合伙 general partnership
有限合伙 limited partnership
民事合伙 civil partnership
隱名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership
私營企業(yè) private enterprise; proprietorship
法人 legal person
企業(yè)法人 legal body of enterprise
企業(yè)集團(tuán) group of enterprise
關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè) affiliate enterprise
個人獨(dú)資企業(yè) individual business establishment
國有獨(dú)資企業(yè) solely state-owned enterprise
中外合資企業(yè) Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise
中外合作企業(yè) Sino-foreign contractual enterprise
社團(tuán)法人 legal body of mass organization
財(cái)團(tuán)法人 legal body of financial group
聯(lián)營 joint venture
法人型聯(lián)營 association of legal persons
合伙型聯(lián)營 coordinated management in partnership
協(xié)作型聯(lián)營 cooperation-type coordinated management
合作社 cooperative
民事法律行為 civil legal act
單方民事法律行為 unilateral civil legal act
雙方民事法律行為 bilateral civil legal act
多方民事法律行為 joint act civil legal act
有償民事法律行為 civil legal act with consideration
無償民事法律行為 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award
實(shí)踐性民事法律行為 practical civil legal act
諾成性民事法律行為 consental civil legal act
要式民事法律行為 formal civil legal act
不要式民事法律行為 informal civil legal act
要因民事法律行為 causative civil legal act
不要因民事法律行為 noncausative civil legal act
主民事法律行為 principal civil legal act
從民事法律行為 accessory civil legal act
附條件民事法律行為 conditional civil legal act
附期限民事法律行為 civil legal act with term
生前民事法律行為 civil legal act before death
死后民事法律行為 civil legal act after death
準(zhǔn)民事法律行為 quasi-civil legal act
無效行為 ineffective act
可撤銷民事行為 revocable civil act
違法行為 illegal act; unlawful act
侵權(quán)行為 tort
欺詐 fraud
脅迫 duress
乘人之危 taking advantage of others' precarious position
以合法形式掩蓋非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention
惡意串通 malicious collaboration
重大誤解 gross misunderstanding
顯失公平 obvious unjust
誤傳 misrepresentation
代理 agency
本人 principal
被代理人 principal
受托人 trustee
代理人 agent
本代理人 original agent
法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent
委托代理人 agent by mandate
指定代理人 designated agent
復(fù)代理人 subagent
再代理人 subagent
轉(zhuǎn)代理人 subagent
代理權(quán) right of agency
授權(quán)行為 act of authorization
授權(quán)委托書 power of attorney
代理行為 act of agency
委托代理 agency by mandate
本代理 original agency
復(fù)代理 subagency
次代理 subagency
有權(quán)代理 authorized agency
表見代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency
律師代理 agency by lawyer
普通代理 general agency
全權(quán)代理 general agency
全權(quán)代理委托書 general power of attorney
共同代理 joint agency
獨(dú)家代理 sole agency
居間 brokerage
居間人 broker
行紀(jì) commission; broker house
信托 trust
時(shí)效 time limit; preion; limitation
時(shí)效中止 suspension of preion/limitation
時(shí)效中斷 interruption of limitation/preion
時(shí)效延長 extension of limitation
取得時(shí)效 acquisitive preion
時(shí)效終止 lapse of time; termination of preion
期日 date
期間 term
涉外民事關(guān)系 civil relations with foreign elements
沖突規(guī)范 rule of conflict
準(zhǔn)據(jù)法 applicable law; governing law
反致 renvoi; remission
轉(zhuǎn)致 transmission
識別 identification
公共秩序保留 reserve of public order
法律規(guī)避 evasion of law
國籍 nationality
國有化 nationalization
法律責(zé)任 legal liability
民事責(zé)任 civil liability/responsibility
行政責(zé)任 administrative liability/responsibility
刑事責(zé)任 criminal liability/responsibility
違約責(zé)任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default
有限責(zé)任 limited liability
無限責(zé)任 unlimited liability
按份責(zé)任 shared/several liability
連帶責(zé)任 joint and several liability
過失責(zé)任 liability for negligence; negligent liability
過錯責(zé)任 fault liability; liability for fault
單獨(dú)過錯 sole fault
共同過錯 joint fault
混合過錯 mixed fault
被害人過錯 victim's fault
第三人過錯 third party's fault
推定過錯 presumptive fault
惡意 bad faith; malice
故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness
過失 negligence
重大過失 gross negligence
疏忽大意的過失 careless and inadvertent negligence
過于自信的過失 negligence with undue assumption
損害事實(shí) facts of damage
有形損失 tangible damage/loss
無形損失 intangible damage/loss
財(cái)產(chǎn)損失 property damage/loss
人身損失 personal damage/loss
精神損失 spiritual damage/loss
民事責(zé)任承擔(dān)方式 methods of bearing civil liability
停止侵害 cease the infringing act
排除妨礙 exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle
消除危險(xiǎn) elimination of danger
返還財(cái)產(chǎn) restitution of property
恢復(fù)原狀 restitution; restitution of original state
賠償損失 compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss
支付違約金 payment of liquidated damage
消除影響 eliminate ill effects
恢復(fù)名譽(yù) rehabilitate one's reputation
賠禮道歉 extend a formal apology
物權(quán) jus ad rem; right in rem; real right
物權(quán)制度 real right system; right in rem system
一物一權(quán)原則 the principal of One thing, One Right
物權(quán)法定主義 principal of legality of right in rem
物權(quán)公示原則 principal of public summons of right in rem
物權(quán)法 jus rerem
物 property
生產(chǎn)資料 raw material for production
生活資料 means of livelihood; means of subsistence
流通物 res in commercium; a thing in commerce
限制流通物 limited merchantable thing
禁止流通物 res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce
資產(chǎn) asset
固定資產(chǎn) fixed asset
流動資產(chǎn) current asset; floating asset
動產(chǎn) movables; chattel
不動產(chǎn) immovable; real estate
特定物 res certae; a certain thing
種類物 genus; indefinite thing
可分物 res divisibiles; divisible things
不可分物 res indivisibiles; indivisible things
主物 res capitalis; a principal thing
從物 res accessoria; an accessory thing
原物 original thing
孳息 fruits
天然孳息 natural fruits
法定孳息 legal fruits
無主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods
遺失物 lost property
漂流物 drifting object
埋藏物 fortuna; hidden property
貨幣 currency
證券 securities
債券 bond
物權(quán)分類 classification of right in rem/real right
自物權(quán) jus in re propria; right of full ownership
所有權(quán) dominium; ownership; title
所有權(quán)憑證 document of title; title of ownership
占有權(quán) dominium utile; equitable ownership
使用權(quán) right of use; right to use of
收益權(quán) right to earnings; right to yields
處分權(quán) right of disposing; jus dispodendi
善意占有 possession in good faith
惡意占有 malicious possession
按份共有 several possession
共同共有 joint possession
substantial他物權(quán) jus in re aliena
用益物權(quán) real right for usufruct
使用權(quán) right to use; right of use
土地使用權(quán) right to the use of land
林權(quán) forest ownership
采礦權(quán) mining ownership
經(jīng)營權(quán) managerial authority; power of management
承包經(jīng)營權(quán) right to contracted management
相鄰權(quán) neighboring right; relatedright
地上權(quán) superficies
永佃權(quán) jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract
地役權(quán) servitude; easement
人役權(quán) servitus personarum; personal servitude
擔(dān)保物權(quán) real right for security
物的擔(dān)保 security for thing
物的瑕疵擔(dān)保 warranty against defect of a thing
抵押權(quán) hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage
抵押權(quán)的設(shè)定 creation of right to mortgage
抵押人 mortgagor
抵押權(quán)人 mortgagee
抵押標(biāo)的物 collateral; estate under mortgage
抵押權(quán)的效力 deffect of right to mortgage
抵押權(quán)的次序 sequence of right to mortgage
抵押權(quán)的拋棄 abandonment of right to mortgage
抵押權(quán)的讓與 alienation of right to mortgage
抵押權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn) materialization of right to mortgage
抵押權(quán)的消滅 extinction of right to
mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage
抵押物登記 registration of estate under mortgage
抵押優(yōu)先權(quán) priority of mortgage
留置權(quán) lien
一般留置權(quán) general lien
特別留置權(quán) special lien
質(zhì)權(quán) hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge
佃權(quán) tenant right
債權(quán) jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditor's right
債權(quán)人 creditor
債務(wù)人 debtor
相對人 counterpart; offeree
給付 give; pay
債務(wù) debt; liability; obligation
債務(wù)的償還 payment of debt
債務(wù)的償清 discharge of debt
債務(wù)的擔(dān)保 guarantee of debt
債務(wù)的合并 consolidation of debt
債務(wù)的給付日期 debt maturity
債務(wù)的免除 exemption of debt
債的分類 obligatio; obligation
法定之債 legal obligation
任意之債 voluntary obligation
簡單之債 simple obligation
選擇之債 alternative obligation
主債 prime/principal obligation
從債 accessory obligation
單一之債 single obligation
按份之債 several obligation
連帶之債 joint obligation
特定之債 certain obligation
種類之債 indefinite obligation
合同之債 contractual obligation
侵權(quán)行為之債 tort obligation
損害賠償之債 obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages
人身損害 damage to person
精神損害 moral/mental/spiritual damage
醫(yī)藥費(fèi) hospital treatment expense
醫(yī)療費(fèi) medical charge
撫恤金 pension
慰問金 consolation money
產(chǎn)品瑕疵 defect of product
不當(dāng)?shù)美?unjust enrichment
無因管理 voluntary service
債的擔(dān)保 guarantee of obligation
財(cái)產(chǎn)擔(dān)保 property guarantee
信用擔(dān)保 credit guarantee
讓與擔(dān)保 alienation guarantee
保證 guaranty
明示保證 express guaranty
默示保證 implied guaranty
保證人 guarantor
保證合同 contract of guaranty/suretyship
保證金 guaranty bond; security deposit
押金 deposit; foregift
預(yù)付款 advanced payment
定金 earnest money; deposit
違約金 liquidated damages
法定違約金 liquidated damages by law
約定違約金 liquidated damages by agreement
債的履行 performance of obligation
實(shí)際履行原則 doctrine of specific performance
情事變更原則 doctrine of change of circumstances
不當(dāng)履行 misfeasance
清償 discharge; satisfaction
提存 debtor's submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority
抵銷 setoff
知識產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property
知識產(chǎn)權(quán)國際保護(hù) international protection of intellectual property
國民待遇原則 doctrine of national treatment
優(yōu)先權(quán)原則 a right of priority doctrine
自動保護(hù)原則 doctrine of automatic protection
特許權(quán)使用費(fèi) royalties
智力成果 intellectual property
著作權(quán) copyright
版權(quán) copyright
著作權(quán)人 copyright owner
創(chuàng)作 creation
作品 opus; product; work
著作人格權(quán) right of personality of copyright
發(fā)表權(quán) right of publication
署名權(quán) right of authorship; right of paternity
修改權(quán) right of modification; right of revision
完整性保持權(quán) right to maintain integrity
不可侵犯權(quán) inviolability
收回權(quán) right of recall; right of retrieval
自費(fèi)出版 publish a book at the author's own expense
著作財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán) property right in work
使用收益分享權(quán) right to share usufruct
利用權(quán) right to make use of
獲得報(bào)酬權(quán) right to get payment
重播權(quán) right of rebroadcasting
錄制權(quán) right of fixation
機(jī)械復(fù)制權(quán) right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction
著作鄰接權(quán) neighboring right of copyright
剽竊 plagiary; plagiarism
盜版 pirate
盜版VCD pirated VCD
偽造 forge
工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán) industrial property
專利權(quán) patent right
優(yōu)先權(quán)日 priority date
申請?jiān)谙仍瓌t prior application rule
使用在先 priority of use
新穎性 novelty
創(chuàng)造性 creativity
實(shí)用性 practicability
發(fā)明創(chuàng)造 invention and creation
實(shí)用新型 utility model
外觀設(shè)計(jì) design; industrial design
發(fā)明權(quán) right of invention
發(fā)現(xiàn)權(quán) right of discovery
專利申請 patent application
專利異議 objection to a patent
專利公告 patent gazette
專利續(xù)展費(fèi) renewal fee of patent
專利許可協(xié)議 patent licensing agreement
技術(shù)訣竅 know-how
專有技術(shù) know-how
專利證書 certificate of patent
專利事務(wù)所 patent office
專利代理 patent agency
中華人民共和國專利局 Patent Office of the People's Republic of China
商標(biāo)權(quán) trademark right
商標(biāo)國際注冊 international registration of trademark
商品商標(biāo) commodity trademark
服務(wù)商標(biāo) service trademark
馳名商標(biāo) reputed trademark
廣告商標(biāo) advertisement trademark
近似商標(biāo) similar trademark
商標(biāo)評審委員會 trade review and appraisal board
商標(biāo)審查 trademark examination
商標(biāo)侵權(quán) trademark infringement
商標(biāo)注冊 registered trademark
商標(biāo)公告 trademark gazette
注冊商標(biāo)使用許可 licensing of registered trademark
注冊商標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)讓 assignment of registered trademark
商標(biāo)使用許可協(xié)議 trademark licensing agreement
商標(biāo)事務(wù)所 trademark office
商標(biāo)代理 trademark agency
婚姻、家庭、繼承、收養(yǎng) marriage, family, inheritance, adoption
婚姻法 marital law; marriage law
包辦婚姻 arranged marriage
財(cái)產(chǎn)分割 partition; dismemberment of property
重婚 bigamy
獨(dú)生子女 only child
法律婚 legal marriage
非婚生子女 illegitimate child
夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn) community property
夫妻關(guān)系 conjugal relationship
夫妻分居 divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board
復(fù)婚 resumption of marriage
感情破裂 incompatibility
婚后財(cái)產(chǎn)公證 notarization of postnuptial properties
婚姻登記 marriage registration
婚生子女 ligitimate child
計(jì)劃生育 birth control
結(jié)婚 marry
離婚 divorce
買賣婚姻 mercenary marriage
擬制血親 blood relations in fiction of law
旁系血親 collateral relation blood relation
涉外婚姻 marriage with foreign elements
配偶 spouse
事實(shí)婚 de facto marriage
訴訟離婚 divorce by litigation
探視權(quán) visitation right
同居 cohabitation
晚婚 late marriage
無效婚姻 void marriage
協(xié)議離婚 divorce by agreement
一夫一妻制 monogamy
早婚 early marriage
直系血親 lineal descent
自然血親 natural blood relation
收養(yǎng)法 adoption law
收養(yǎng)協(xié)議 adoption agreement
收養(yǎng)人 adoptive parent
送養(yǎng)人 person or institution placing out a child for adoption
涉外收養(yǎng) adoption with foreign elements
繼承法 inheritance law; law of succession
法定繼承 legal seccession
遺囑繼承 intestate succession
遺贈繼承 succession by devise
自然繼承 natural succession
代位繼承 representation; succession by subrogation
世襲繼承 hereditary succession
間接繼承 indirect succession
轉(zhuǎn)繼承 subsuccession
共同繼承 joint succession
單獨(dú)繼承 single succession
繼承人 heir; successor
第二順序繼承人 successor second in order
第一順序繼承人 successor first in order
繼承參與人 succession participant
遺產(chǎn) inheritance; heritage
遺產(chǎn)繼承人 heir to property; inheritor
遺言 last will and testament
遺書 last words
遺贈 bequest; legacy; devise
遺贈撫養(yǎng)協(xié)議 legacy-support ageement
四、 商事法律
會計(jì)法 accounting law
稅法 tax law; taxation law
反不正當(dāng)競爭法 anti-unfair competition law
消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法 consumer's interest protection law
產(chǎn)品責(zé)任法 production liability law
消費(fèi)者權(quán)益法 consumer rights and interests law
公司法 company law; corporate law
公司 company; corporation
有限責(zé)任公司 limited liability company
股份有限公司 company limited by shares
無限公司 unlimited company
股份兩合公司 joint stock limited liability partnership
兩合公司 joint liability company
控股公司 holding company
集團(tuán)公司 group company
合資公司 joint venture company
聯(lián)營公司 associated company; affiliated company
國營公司 state-own company
國有公司 state-owned company
民營公司 civilian-run company
本國公司 national/domestic company
外國公司 foreign company
上市公司 listed company
母公司 parent company
子公司 subsidiary
皮包公司 briefcase company; fundless company
募集設(shè)立 incorporation by stock floatation
發(fā)起人 floater; initiator
公司名稱 name of company
公司住址 domicile of company
出資 contribution; capital subion
現(xiàn)金出資 investment in cash
實(shí)物出資 investment in kind
工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)出資 investment in industrial property right
非專有技術(shù)出資 investment in non-patent technology
勞務(wù)出資 investment in labor
高新技術(shù)成果出資 investment in hi-tech achievements
注冊資本 registered capital
實(shí)繳資本 paid-in capital
驗(yàn)資報(bào)告 capital verification report
會計(jì)師事務(wù)所 certified public accountants
注冊會計(jì)師 certified public accountant
資本三原則 three doctrine of capital
資本確定原則 doctrine of capital determination
資本維持原則 doctrine of capital maintenance
資本不變原則 doctrine of unchanging capital
最低資本額制度 minimum capital system
公司章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw
公司登記 incorporation; corporate registration
公司存續(xù) existence of company
公司合并分立 merger and split of company
公司并購 corporate merger and acquisition
公司管理 corporate governance; company management
公司法律顧問 corporate counsel
公司整頓 company rectification
公司歇業(yè) closure of business
公司和解 company composition
公司解散 company dissolution
公司清算 company liquidation
公司清理 company winding-up
競業(yè)禁止 non-commpete; competition prohibition
招股章程 prospectus
股本 stock capital
股東 shareholder
股東大會 shareholders' meeting
股東大會決議 resolution of shareholders' meeting
股東大會議事規(guī)則 rule of procedure of shareholders' meeting
表決權(quán) voting right; right to vote
董事 director
董事長 president/chairman of the board
首席執(zhí)行官 chief executive officer(CEO)
首席運(yùn)營官 chief operation officer(COO)
執(zhí)行董事 executive director
常務(wù)董事 managing director
董事會 board of directors
董事會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的經(jīng)理負(fù)責(zé)制 responsibility system of the chief executive officer under the leadership of the board of directors
經(jīng)理獨(dú)立負(fù)責(zé)制 manager independent responsibility system
監(jiān)事 supervisor
監(jiān)事會 board of supervisors
股 share; stock
普通股 common stock
特別股 special stock
資格股 qualification stock
優(yōu)先股 preferred stock
劣后股 inferior stock
表決權(quán)股 stock with voting power
溢價(jià)股 premium stock
折價(jià)股 converting stock
國家股 state-owned share
集體股 collective share
法人股 corporate share
企業(yè)股 enterprise share
個人股 individual share
股息 dividend
紅股 bonus stock; dividend stock
法定公積金 legal accumulation fund
資本公積金 capital accumulation fund
盈余公積金 surplus accumulation fund
任意公積金 optional accumulation fund
公司犯罪 corporate crime
證券法 securities law
證券發(fā)行 issuance of securities
證券上市 list securities; float an issue
證券交易所 stock exchange
證券商 securities dealer
證券公司 securities company
證券承銷商 consortium of underwriters
證券承銷合同 underwriting contract
證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人 securities broker
披露制度 disclosing system
交割日 closing date
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資基金 venture capital fund
上海證券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange
深圳證券交易所 Shenzhen Stock Exchange
證券監(jiān)督委員會 securities supervision committee
票據(jù)法 law of negotiable instrument
票據(jù) notes; bills; commercial instruments
商業(yè)票據(jù) bill; commercial instrument
遠(yuǎn)期票據(jù) time bill;; long-dated bill
到期票據(jù) matured bill
即期票據(jù) sight bill
記名票據(jù) bill payable to order; note to order
不記名票據(jù) bearer instrument
本票 promissory note
支票 cheque
匯票 bill of exchange
發(fā)票日 ticket day
出票日 date of draft/issue
發(fā)票地 place of draft/issue
票據(jù)到期日 bill to mature
票據(jù)金額 sum of bill
票面價(jià)額 face value
票據(jù)出票人 drawer
票據(jù)持票人 bill holder
票據(jù)承兌人 bill acceptor
票據(jù)行為 act on commercial paper
承兌票據(jù) honor a bill
票據(jù)議付 negotiation
拒付票據(jù) protest a bill
票據(jù)付款人 drawee
票據(jù)支付人 payer on commercial instrument
票據(jù)收款人 bill collector
票據(jù)背書人 endorser/indorser of a bill
被背書人 endorsee
票據(jù)保證人 bill guarantor
票據(jù)被保證人 bill pledgee/warrantee
再追索人 renewed recourser
前手 remote holder
后手 subsequent endorser
票據(jù)權(quán)利 right of bill
票據(jù)期限 term of bill; tenor
票據(jù)債務(wù)人 debtor of commercial instrument
追索權(quán) right of recourse
票據(jù)抗辯 exception to bill
票據(jù)喪失 loss of bill
票據(jù)時(shí)效 preion of exchanges
票據(jù)貼現(xiàn) discount of bill
再貼現(xiàn) rediscount of bill
恩惠期間 term of benevolence
票據(jù)代理 agency for notes/bills/commercial instruments
海商法 maritime law
船舶國籍證書 certificate of registry; certificate of ship's nationality
船棋國 flag country
船舶所有權(quán)證書 certificate of ship ownership
船舶檢驗(yàn) register of ship
船舶保險(xiǎn) insurance on hull
船舶保險(xiǎn)單 hull insurance policy
船舶登記證書 certificate of registry
船舶丈量 tonnage measurement of ships
船舶進(jìn)港費(fèi) groundage
船舶抵押 ship mortgage
船舶租賃 ship chartering
船舶轉(zhuǎn)租 ship subchartering
船舶所有人責(zé)任限制 limitation of liabilities of ship owners
船舶碰撞 ship collision
船舶遇難 maritime distress
海上災(zāi)難 perils of the sea
海上拖航 marine towage
船舶扣押 detention of ship
船舶債權(quán) ship's credit
船級社 classification society
船級證書 certificate of class
海上留置權(quán) maritime lien
船舶留置權(quán) maritime lien
船舶抵押權(quán) maritime mortgage
海上優(yōu)先請求權(quán) priority claim to seagoing ships
救助優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to salvage
共同海損優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to general average
服務(wù)優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to service
貨物損害優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to cargo damage
傳播抵押借款和貨物抵押借款優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to ship credit and goods credit
海運(yùn)合同 shipping contract
提單 bill of lading(B/L)
空艙費(fèi) dead freight
租船費(fèi) charterage
租船合同 charter-party contract of affreightment
期租船合同 time charter-party; time CP
航次租船合同 voyage charter-party
定期租船合同 time charter-party
光船租船合同 bareboat charter-party; bareboat CP
包租運(yùn)輸合同 shipping charter-party
海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同 contract for carriage of passengers by sea
遠(yuǎn)洋拖帶合同 contract of ocean towage
港內(nèi)拖帶合同 contract of port towage
海難救助合同 salvage contract
海事報(bào)告 master's protest;; sea protest
海事聲明書 sea protest
海事爭議 maritime dispute
海事法院 maritime court;; admiralty court
海事訴訟程序 maritime proceedings
船舶碰撞案件的民事管轄權(quán) civil jurisdiction of sea collision
船舶碰撞案件的刑事管轄權(quán) criminal jurisdiction of sea collision
海事爭議的審理 hearing/trial of maritime disputes
海事訴訟保全措施 measures for maritime attachment
海事優(yōu)先請求權(quán) preferential right top maritime claim
海事請求保全申請書 application/petition for maritime attachment
海事訴訟法律文書送達(dá) service of legal instruments in maritime action/proceedings
涉外海事訴訟管轄權(quán) jurisdiction of maritime action involving for elements
強(qiáng)制變賣被扣押船舶 compulsory realization of the distrained ship
海事仲裁程序規(guī)則 rules of maritime arbitration procedure
保險(xiǎn)法 insurance law
自愿保險(xiǎn) voluntary insurance
強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn) compulsory insurance
商業(yè)保險(xiǎn) commercial insurance
財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn) property insurance
人身保險(xiǎn) personal insurance
人壽保險(xiǎn) life insurance
健康保險(xiǎn) health insurance
意外保險(xiǎn) accident insurance
社會保險(xiǎn) social insurance
養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn) endowment insurance
醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn) medical insurance
失業(yè)保險(xiǎn) unemployment insurance
信用保險(xiǎn) credit insurance
保證保險(xiǎn) guaranty insurance
保險(xiǎn)合同 insurance contract
保險(xiǎn)人 insurer; underwriter
被保險(xiǎn)人 the insured
受益人 benificiary
投保人 applicant for insurance;; policy holder
保險(xiǎn)單 insurance policy
保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的 insurance object
保險(xiǎn)費(fèi) premium
保險(xiǎn)期限 time limit of insurance
保險(xiǎn)利益 insurable interest
保險(xiǎn)金額 insurance; insurance compensation
保險(xiǎn)事故 insurance accident
保險(xiǎn)賠償 insurance indemnity
保險(xiǎn)代理人 insurance agent
保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人 insurance broker
索賠 claim
代位索賠 claim by subrogation
理賠 settlement of claim
代位求償權(quán) right of subrogation
委付 abandonment
退保 cancellation/discharging of insurance
五、刑法總論
刑法學(xué) criminal law; penal law
犯罪學(xué) criminology
犯罪心理學(xué) criminal psychology
勞動改造法學(xué) reform-through-labor
中國刑法史 history of Chinese criminal law
比較刑法學(xué) comparative criminal law
刑事偵查 criminal detection
司法精神病學(xué) forensic psychiatry
罪刑法定原則 principal of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime
罪刑相適應(yīng)原則 principal of suiting punishment to crime
罪責(zé)自負(fù)原則 principal of bearing responsibility solely for one's own crime
懲罰與教育相結(jié)合原則 principal of combining punishment with education
從舊原則 the doctrine of observing old laws
從新原則 the doctrine of observing new laws
從舊兼從輕原則 the doctrine of observing old laws and new ones when with lighter punishment
從新兼從輕原則 the doctrine of observing new laws and old ones when with lighter punishment
追訴時(shí)效 limitation of prosecution
刑事責(zé)任 criminal liability/responsibility
刑事責(zé)任年齡 age for criminal responsibility
刑事責(zé)任能力 criminal responsibility; capacity for criminal responsibility
犯罪 crime; commit a crime
故意犯罪 intentional crime; willful crime
過失犯罪 negligent crime
犯罪構(gòu)成 constitution of a crime
犯罪主體 subject of a crime
犯罪客體 object of a crime
犯罪的主觀方面 subjective elements of a crime
犯罪的客觀方面 objective elements of a crime
犯罪對象 target of a crime
犯罪故意 criminal intent; mens rea
直接故意 actual intent; direct intent
間接故意 indirect intent
犯罪過失 criminal negligence
疏忽大意的過失 careless negligence
過于自信的過失 negligence with undue assumption
不能預(yù)見 unforeseeable; unpredictable
不能避免 unavoidable
犯罪動機(jī) criminal motive
犯罪目的 criminal intent; criminal purpose
防衛(wèi)過當(dāng) unjustifiable self-defense
緊急避險(xiǎn) act of rescue; necessity
犯罪既遂 completion of a crime
犯罪未遂 attempted crime
犯罪形態(tài) criminal pattern
犯罪預(yù)備 a crime in preparation; preparation for a crime
犯意表示 expression for a crime
犯罪中止 abandonment/discontinuance of a crime
犯罪中斷 suspension of a crime
行為犯 behavioral offence
危險(xiǎn)犯 potential damage offence
結(jié)果犯 consequential offence
結(jié)果加重犯 aggregated consequential offence
類推 analogy
（編輯：龍圖李卉軒）
