前言reeds：音標是口語學習的基礎reeds，精確熟練的掌握音標reeds，才能在學習口語的時候游刃有余。
一. 英 語 音 標：48 個 國 際 音 標 圖
巧記48個音標簡表：
熟悉后反復復習鞏固的可用表格：
視頻從3’08‘’開始講48個音標讀音
二. 音節(jié)與音節(jié)劃分知識
1. 音節(jié)
以元音為主體構成的發(fā)音單位reeds，一般說來元音發(fā)音響亮，可以構成音節(jié)，輔音發(fā)音不響亮，不能單獨構成音節(jié)（[m] [n] [? ] [l]例外）。從單詞拼寫形式上看，有幾個元音字母就有幾個音節(jié)。
2. 音節(jié)的劃分
① 在重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個輔音字母時，一個輔音字母組屬于前面的音節(jié)，一個屬于后面的音節(jié)。
例如：let-ter，mem-ber，chil-dren，daugh-ter
?、?在重讀和非重讀音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個輔音字母時，如果前面重讀音節(jié)里的元音是長音則輔字組屬于后面一個音節(jié)，如果重讀音節(jié)里的元音是短音，則輔音字母屬于重讀音節(jié)。
例如：長音 pa-per，stu-dent，fa-ther，ze-ro，mo-tor，far-ther
短音 sev-en，stud-y，moth-er，ver-y，mod-le ，weath-er
3. 重讀音節(jié)
單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節(jié)。用音標標記雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)詞的讀音時，應使用重讀符號。單音節(jié)詞多數是重讀音節(jié)，標記讀音時不需要使用重讀符號。
4. 開音節(jié)
① 絕對開音節(jié)：單個元音字母后面沒有輔音字母的重讀音節(jié)。
例如：no，blue，ba-by，stu-dent，se-cret
?、?相對開音節(jié)：單個元音字母后面加單個輔音字母，再加一個不發(fā)音字母e構成的重讀音節(jié)。
例如：name，these，bike，home，excuse
5. 閉音節(jié)
單個元音字母后面有輔音字母（r、w、y 除外）且以輔音字母結尾的重讀音節(jié)。
例如：bag，egg，fish，not，cup
6. 雙音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則
?、?雙音節(jié)詞的第一個音節(jié)通常是重讀音節(jié)。
例如： stu-dent，Chi-na，sec-ond，au-tumn
?、?含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前綴的雙音節(jié)詞往往是在第二個音節(jié)上重讀。雙音節(jié)詞的重讀位置不會因增加前綴或后綴而發(fā)生改變。
例如：a-bout，be-fore，ex-cuse，re-pair，for-get-ful，in-ven-tor
7. 多音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則
多音節(jié)詞通常在倒數第三個音節(jié)重讀。
例如： el-e-phant
詞尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的詞，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一個音節(jié)上重讀。
例如：scien-tific，im-pression，na-tion
三. 英語單詞拼讀規(guī)則
1、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字母
讀 音
例 詞
a
在開音節(jié)中
[ei]
name plane Jane baby cake
在閉音節(jié)中
[?]
bag dad hat map black back
e
在開音節(jié)中
[i:]
he these me Chinese
在閉音節(jié)中
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
i
在開音節(jié)中
[ai]
bike fly drive time nice kite
在閉音節(jié)中
[i]
fish big drink sit milk swim
o
在開音節(jié)中
[?u]
those close go hoe home no
在閉音節(jié)中
[?]
clock not box shop sock
u
在開音節(jié)中
[ju:]
student excuse duty Tuesday
在閉音節(jié)中
[? ]
bus cup jump much lunch
在開音節(jié)中，元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s后面時讀[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super
2、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字母
讀 音
例 詞
a
[?]
China another woman breakfast
[i]
orange comrade village cabbage
e
[?]
hundred student open weekend
[i]
chicken pocket begin children
i
[i]
holiday beautiful family animal
[ai]
exercise satellite
o
[?]
second tonight somebody welcome
[?u]
also zero photo
u
[?]
autumn diffcult
[ju:]
popular congratulation January
動詞中的a如果處在開音節(jié)位置，a讀[ei]音，例如：operate
u處在開音節(jié)位置，又在輔音字母j l r s后面時，讀[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue
在非重讀音節(jié)中，許多單詞中的元音字母a e i 既可以讀作[?]音可以讀作[i]音。
3、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音
元音字母
讀 音
例 詞
a在[w]音后面
[?]
want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[α:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high
o在-st -ld前
[?u]
most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前
[?]
come monkey love mother
4、-r 音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組
讀 音
例 詞
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[α:]
car farm dark sharpener
[?:]
warm quarter towards
or
or在[w]音后面
[?:]
forty morning short
[?:]
word worker worse
er ir ur
[?:]
certainly bird Thursday
輔音字母r雙寫時，前面的元音字母不能與r構成-r音節(jié),而是按重讀閉音節(jié)的拼讀規(guī)則發(fā)音。例如： carry sorry hurry
-r音節(jié)在非重讀音節(jié)中通常讀[?]音，例如：dollar teacher forget Saturday
5、-re音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組
讀 音
例 詞
are
[ε?]
care dare hare
ere
[i?]
here mere
ire
[ai?]
fire hire wire
ore
[?:]
more score before
ure
[ju?]
pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出現在非重讀音節(jié)中，ure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[t??]音或[??]，例如：picture pleasure
重讀元音字母加Rr，再加非重讀元字組時，重讀元音字母應按-re音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀，字母Rr讀[r]音。
例如：parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用詞及多音節(jié)詞經常出現長音短化現象。
例如：orange very American paragraph
6、元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
元音字組
讀 音
例 詞
ai/ay
[ei]
afraid rain wait day play
air
[ε?]
air hair chair pair repair
al
al在f m前
[?:l]
small ball talk wall all
[?:l]
always also salt almost
[α:]
half calm
au/aw
[?:]
autumn daughter draw
ea
[i:]
teach easy cheap please
[e]
heavy bread sweater weather
[ei]
break great
ear
[i?]
hear dear near clear year
[ε?]
bear pear wear swear
[?:]
earth learn early
ee
[i:]
jeep week green three
eer
[i?]
pioneer deer beer
ei/ey
[ei]
eight neighbour they
[i:]
either key
eu/ew在
j l r s后
[ju:]
new few newspaper
[u:]
flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后
[i:]
piece field receive
oa
[?u]
coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor
[?:]
roar board door floor
oi/oy
[?i]
noise point boy toilet
oo
[u:]
broom food tooth school
[u]
book look cook foot good
ou/ow
[au]
flower house count down
[?u]
know row throw though
[?]
young country enough
[u:]
group you soup
our
[?:]
course your four
[au?]
our hour ours
[?:]
journey
ui
在j l r s后
[ju:i]
fluid suicide tuition suit
[u:]
juice fruit
7、非重讀音節(jié)中元音字組和字群的讀音
元音字組或字群
讀 音
例 詞
ai/ay ei/ey
[i]
Sunday foreign monkey
ow
[?u]
yellow sparrow tomorrow
-sion -tion
[??n]
impression nation
-sion在元音字母后
[??n]
vision decision occasion
-tion在s后
[t??n]
question suggestion
-sten
[sn]
listen
-stle
[sl]
whistle
-sure
[??]
pleasure measure
-ture
[t??]
picture culture
8、元字組在復合詞非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音
復合詞中的第二部分不標注重音符號，但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀。
例如：
everyday[ei]
handbag[?]
blackboard[?:]
有些詞隨著語言的發(fā)展，前后兩部分已失去其單獨存在的意義，融合成為一個詞。其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則發(fā)音。
例如：
sun太陽 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday[i] 假日
break中斷 + fast[a:]齋戒 ＞ breakfast[?]早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[?:] ＞ cupboard[?:] 碗柜
9、輔字組的讀音
輔字組
讀 音
例 詞
b
[b]
bike bus bag
[/]
bomb tomb
c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cake picture coat music
[s]
face decide cinema
ch
[t?]
much chick rich teacher
[k]
school headache chemistry
[?]
machine Chicago
-ck
[k]
cock pocket black knock
d
[d]
doctor bread hand day
-dge
[d?]
bridge fridge
dr-
[dr]
children driver drink
f
[f]
five four breakfast
g
g在e i/y前
[g]
bag gardon go
[d?]
orange large German
gh
[f]
cough enough photo
[/]
light daughter high
gu- -gue
gu在非重讀音節(jié)中
[g]
guess league dialogue
[gw]
language anguish
h
[h]
hot head house hand
[/]
hour honest
j
[d?]
jeep jar joke join July
k
[k]
kind bike skate make week
kn-
[n]
knife know knock
l
[l]
life milk school tall
m
[m]
monkey come autumn
-mn
[m]
autumn column solemn
n
n在[k] [g]音前
[n]
not shine ten note
[?]
uncle thank hungry
-ng
[n]
morning young wrong
p
[p]
paper plane pig ship pen
ph
[f]
elephant photo telephone
q
[k]
Iraq
qu-
[kw]
quality quite
r
[r]
red rubber ruler
s在詞首或清輔音前
元音字母間或濁輔音前
[s]
sit sleep desk
[z]
music husband
sc-
[sk]
scar
[s]
muscle science
sh
[?]
she fish shirt wash
t在通常情況下
在弱讀字母ia ie io前
[t]
ten letter meet
[?]
patient nation
tch
[t?]
watch
th在通常情況下
在冠詞 代詞 介詞 連詞中
在詞尾-the -ther中
[θ]
thin thirty method
[e]
the these with than
[e]
clothe father weather
tr-
[tr]
tree train country truck
v
[v]
very voice love leave
w
[w]
week win wake sweet wait
[/]
answer two
wh-
wh-在字母o前
[w]
what when white why
[h]
who whose whole
x
在重讀元音前
[ks]
box text exercise
[gz]
examle exist exact
wr-
[r]
write
y-
[j]
yes yard yellow young
z
[z]
puzzle zero zoo
四. 英語拼讀發(fā)音練習
自然拼音拼讀練習表
1
第一天：
a , e, i , o, u, a_e, e_e, i_e, o_e, u_e
Aa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple
Ee: egg well red pen net hen bed bell
Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill
Oo: ox on octopus box sock operate ostrich
Uu: sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under
cape name tape lake game make take hate
these Japanese Chinese
bite five nine kite mine nice ride side
rose nose rope note pose home rode those
tube cube June cute huge
2
第二天:
ai, ay, ee, ea, ey, ie, igh, oa, ow, ui, ue
ai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nail maid
ay: bay ray way say hay pay May lay
ee: reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teeth
ea: sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea
ey: donkey monkey jockey turkey monkey hockey key trolley
ie: tie pie lie die
igh: right sight night tight hight fight high sigh
oa: road toast toad coal goat boat coat soap
ow: rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow low
ui: suit juice fruit
ue: Sue blue glue true
3
第三天:
ar, er, ir, ur, or
ar: arm car armchair card cart farm park garden
er: sister brother under rooster winter mermaid marker mother
ir: birthday circus dirty bird circle dirt girl
ur: turtle surfing turkey fur hurt purse nurse
or: porch pork horse horn fort morning corn fork
4
第四天:
ou, ow, oi, oy, au, aw, oo, oo, ea
ou: house out mouth count fountain mountain shout mouse
ow: cow towel clown owl crown brown flower tower
oi: coin oil point noise boil soil poison coil
oy: oyster boy cowboy soy toy
au: august sause sausage naughty autumn applause
aw: paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn
oo: moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoon room cool fool boom foolish
oo: book cook good foot look hook
ea: head sweater sweat pear lead bear leather feather
5
第五天:
ch, sh, wh, ph, th, th, kn, wr, mb
ch: beach lunch cheese bench church chicken chair cherry
sh: sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoes shovel
wh: whale white wheel wheat whip whistle wheel chair whisper
ph: photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacy alphabet
th: brother feather leather father mother
th: thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bath mouth teeth
kn: knob knee knife knock knit
wr: wrist wrinkle wrap wreath write
mb: thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb
6
第六天:
bl, fl, pl, cl, gl, br, cr, gr, pr, fr, tr, dr
bl: blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blonde hair
fl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flag flower
pl: plane play plus planet platform plum plate plant
cl: clock cloud clean clay climb close clap clown
gl: glove globe glass glue glasses glider
br: bright brook brim bride brown bread brick brother
cr: crown crab cream crow crayon crocodile cry croissant
gr: gray green grass grapes ground grow grandma
pr: prixe price prawn press prince princess pray
fr: frog frost Friday French fries fruit front friend frame
tr: tractor truck train tray tree triangle trunk trolley
dr: dream drum dry drop draw drive dress drink
7
第七天:
sm, sn, sl, sw, sp, st , sc, sk, all, ew, y
sm: smile small smell smoke smooth
sn: snowman snow snore snake snail sneakers sneakers snack
sl: slow slap sleep slide slope sled
sw: switch swallow swan swim sweet swing sweater sweat
sp: spider spaceship spinach spoon spell
st: stockings store star stamp storm stick student stand
sc: scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scale scorpion scoop
sk: skunk skis skirt skates
all: call tall fall ball wall
ew: dew few view hew new nephew newspaper
y: sky fly dry spy type shy cry my
Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happy baby
五. 英語26個字母發(fā)音
感受一下老外的發(fā)音哦，注意代入你剛剛學會的發(fā)音規(guī)則~
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